Harrow.



s. H. GARST.

PATEN-TED APR. 23, 1907.

HARROW. APPLICATION FILED MAY 4. 1906.

Saw/Mex J2EE? IE= given amore slanting position, which causes UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARROW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 23, 1907.

Application filed May 4, 1906. Serial No. 315,208.

To (all 1071,0122 it HI/1'7] concern l Be it known that I, STEPHEN H.G'ARST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in thecounty of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Harrows; and 'Ido declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of referonce marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

This inventionrelates to new and useful improvements in harrows,.andsaid improvements are applicable to any of the well known forms ofharrows, such for example, as the spring-t0oth drag or harrow, or thespiketooth harrow, or the improvements in ay be utilized in connectionwith cultivators which employ any of the well known means for turning upthe soil, such for example, as shovels, or disk cutters. I v The objectof the invention is to provide a multiplicity of small rollers orrevolving crushers which are spaced a short distance apart and by theirform and shape present many cutting edges to the soil. These smallrollers are suspended in the harrow frame in j a manner which enablesthe lower sides of said rollersto lie above the points-0f the harrow 1teeth. "In other words, the teeth and rollers 5 are so arranged thatwhen the teeth are straightened up to cause them to penetrate deeperinto the soil, the rollers are raised? higher from thesurface, and asthe teeth are them to run shallow, the rollers move. forward anddownward. With this arrange- I ment the. clods of earth which lie uponthe I surface of the ground in the path-way of the rollers are all thatcome in contact with the E rollers, so that the rollers will crush theclods :1 Without coming in contact with the general 1 surface of theground, and the said clods will be readily pulverized without packingdown the soft ground underneath. This being the ease, the soil can beworked with this machine'without injury when it contains more 1 moisturethan iscommonly the case. The

advantage of this ies in the fact that the soil can be pulverized andfitted for plant-in much earlier and with. less labor. The tenoadaptthem for the work of cruslnn and followed by cultivating devices, the

round is left in a fine loose state to I'ECGI\ the benefits fromexposure to air and 'sun-' shine.

The drawings lllustrate a common form of harrow to which my improvementsare applied.

Figure l, is a plan view showing a harrow with five. gangs of spiketeeth with two intervening gangs of revolving crushers. Fig. 2, is aside elevation showing the tooth bars in section. Figs. 3 and 4, aredetailed illustrations of special forms of revolving crushers or wheelswhich I consider preferable owing to the structural features whichespecially and leveling the clods turned up by the teet In a detaildescription of the invention, similar reference characters indicatecorresponding parts.

1 designates a series of cultivator bars each of which. supports aplurality of spikes or cultivator teeth 2, said teeth beingrigidlymaintained within the bars and adapted to engage the soil in theoperations of the machine. Thcse cultivator bars 1 are connected toparallel horizontal bars 3 by means of standards 4 which are rigidlyconnected to l the bars 1 and are 'pivotally connected to the Connectedto the midddle parallel bars 3. parallel bar by means of standards 4 isan upper parallel bar 5.

Rigidly connected to the central parallel 5 bar 3 is a rack 6 engaged bya ratchet-pawl carried upon a hand-operating lever 7, said lever beingconnected with the upper and lower parallel bars 5 and 3. Through thisform of lever attachment which is old and 3 well known, the tooth bars 1may be operated to an desired position to bring the cultivator teeth 2on the proper angle. Secured to the cultivator bars 1 are a series ofstandards 8; these standards are shaped at their lower ends to properlyreceive the cultivator bars 1 and are provided with a series ofadjusting holes 9 Supported in said standards X are brackets or T bars.10 with centrally-de- Y lever is moved backward the teeth straightenpending hangers" ll which provide supports ior the gangs oi revovingcrusners or "wheels 12 and supported in the standards 8 at anysuitableelevation by means or pins 9 which penetrate the openings 9 in saidstandards and similar openings in thebra'ckets. By means of theadjustable connection between the hanger bars or brackets 10 and thestandards 8, the gangs oi individual revolving crushers 13 may be placedin the desired position relatively to the points or the ends or thecultivator teeth. The prel'erred position or .the rollers or crushers issuch that when the cultivator teeth are straightened or moved to morevertical positions to cause them to'penetrate deeper into the soil, therollers are raised from the surface of the soil, and when the cultivatorteeth are moved to aslanting position, the said rollers are caused tomove forward and downward; the result of this is that the rollers willcru'shthe clods without coming in contact with the surface of theground. The gangs of wheels or revolving crushers 12 and 13 aresupported upon axles 14 in the hangers 11 and are subjected to a limitedmovement from the operating lever? when the tooth or cultivator bars aremanipulated. Any style of revolving crusher or wheel may be adapted forthe purposes of crushing and leveling the clods or lumps of earth turnedup by the earth-penetrating elements of the machine ;=but Figs. 3 and 4show preferred formsof wheels or crushers ;lone'of these hasa solid facewith a central-annularly-disposed splitting ridge orfrib 15projectingfrom the face of the wheel, the efiect'" of which is to penetrate theclods or lumps of earth immediately-upon contact therewith, and tocrumble the same prepa'ra'tory to the contact of'the flat or smooth s'f&0e of the wheel The other form of I revolving crusher or wheel showsthe rim on each side of a central-annularly disposed ridge 1 6,constructed in the form 0f.,--a series of teeth 17 withintervening-notches, the purpose of this form of construction is t'blikewise initiallydisintegrate thesolid lumps or clods of earth anddisperse the same. as the revolving crusher moves over said clods orlumps.

The connections between .the npri ht standards 8 and .the brackets 10are flexi 1e in their nature so that when thehand lever 7 is operatedbackward or forward, the rowi' of revolving crushers or'wheels will'have--a limited simultaneous movement -w'ith I the tooth bars lot theharrow; 'for example,

when the lever ismoved forward, the tooth' bars lare rocked so that theteeth therein will occupy a'rearward'slantin :position, as

shown in Fi 2.- As-the, lever s moved fur-- ther forwar theteethassuni'amore "of the slantin position and the revolving crushers move orward anddownwardfi When the The brackets 10 are adjustably or assume substantialvertical positions and the revolving crushers move upward and backward;When the teeth are this straightened, they are caused to penetrate thesoil to the greatest extent, and as the revolving crushers-are at theirhighest point when the said teeth are strai htened up and caused to'penetrate the soil eeper, the said revolving crushers are raised. Thereis thus combined in a single machine means for simultaneouslycultivating the soil, and for 'reducin the upturned clods or lumps to apulveriz'e or disintegrated form in one operation, and 4 while saidclods or lumps are green or soft.

will level and cut the soil to a certain extent,

One ,or more rows of teeth being in the lead,

but when followed by the adjacent row of recrushed and'leveled becompletely, One or more rows of teeth or shovels following this f row ofrevolving crushers' will furtherreduce and crush any remaining lumps orclods to.

volving crushers, the'clods or'lu in the desired. fineness." Therevolving crushers follow directly behind the teeth and crush'the earthwhile 1t is fresh Ina spike toothharrow, such 'as is here shown, thede-' sired depth of the teeth in vthe soil maybe regulated asbeforestated by slanting theteeth backward, but the machine necessarilyalwaysrideson the point of the teeth and thus produces a tendency to Wear offthe oints. When this condition arises, the ef-' ectiveness of-the-machine as a pulverizer becomes greatly impaired. This difficulty isovercome to a materialextent by the appli-.

cation of the revolving crushers.

. I c m; v i

justab brackets upon which said gangs of revolving crushers are mounted,said brackets being adjustably'mounted in the harrowframe inthe rear'ofthe harrow teeth, and a rod 1. In a"harrow,',a series of harrow teethmoving in the pathsof the harrow teeth, ad-

common operating lever with connections which enable a simultaneousmanipulation of the harrow teeth and the revolving crushers,

whereby when the 'harrow teeth are movedto' a substantially verticalposition to cause said teeth toLPenetrate the 'soildeeper, the said-revolving crushers are raised i'rom the sur--' face of the sell, and assaid harrow teeth are moved to a substantially. slanting position,- thesaid revolvingjcrushers are moved downward and forwarsubstantiallyas'specified. '2; In .a ha'r'row, theJcOInbinatiOn withgangs of harrow-teeth o f gangs of revolving cr ushersfnroviligin thepaths of said harrow I standards, and

asnoses teetl saidgangs of revolving crushers having idjustableconnections in the harrow frame by means of brackets with depending acommon operating lever with connections with the barrow frame andwhereby the barrow teeth and the re Molviug crushers are simultaneouslymanipulated to cause said barrow teeth and revolv- 1 l i l i l l l ingcrushei s to move in substantially opposite directions, as hereindescribed. 1 In testimony whereof I affix my signature, 'in presence oftwo Witnesses.

STEPHEN H, GARST.

W'itnessesz' S. E. GARsT, H. BURGIS.

